Oxford Style of Referencing


The Oxford University developed the Oxford referencing style and is known as Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA). OSCOLA is a foot style of referencing system in which the references are used at the bottom of each of the page. In the year 2000, it was Peter Binks, who had first introduced the referencing style after a consultation with the law students and the faculty at the Oxford University. This referencing style is considered different from that of the Harvard or APA styles.


Functions of Footnote and Referencing
Under the Oxford style of referencing the following are the functions that need to be considered:

  1. When writing an essay or report the statements and conclusion needs to be validated with appropriate verification.
  2.  Avoiding plagiarism at all time and provide authentic sources by giving credit to the authors.
  3. Demonstrating the reader that the material used for the research are credible.

 

Guidelines for formatting the paper

  • The paper needs to be written in Times New Roman with font size of 12. However, it might be as per the instruction specified. Apart from this, paper should be of standard size i.e. 8.5”*11”.
  • The paragraphs in the paper should be written by maintaining a line spacing of 1.5.
  • The entire content of the paper should be justified and have page number in the right hand corner of the paper.
  • The cover page should entail the topic of the content.

 

Citation and Foot Note
In general, when sources are being provided in a paper, a superscripts in inserted where the information is present. After inserting the superscript, the same number appears at the end of the page where the footnote reference is provided. The following table shows the footnote citation style for Oxford:

Type

Citation of Footnote Example

Book  with  one author

1 H. Jonathan. Criminal Law, London: Macmillan, 2011

Book with 2 to 3 authors

1 T.C. Kinner and J.R. Taylor, J.R., 1987. Marketing research: an applied approach, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 1987, p.12

Book with more than three authors

1J.M. Kocis et al., Inside private equity: The professional investor’s handbook, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2007, p.14.

Journal

1Tony Woodall, 'New Marketing, Improved Marketing, Apocryphal Marketing' (2007) 41 European Journal of Marketing.

Online Newspaper Article

1 The Forbes. “African Billionaire Fortunes Rise On Forbes 2018 List Of Continent's Richest”, 10 January 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2018/01/10/african-billionaire-fortunes-rise-on-forbes-2018-list-of-continents-richest/#1333b0dc2777. html, (accessed January 11, 2018).

Web Document

1 Wilderness Society Australia, 'Greenhouse Gases - Choking the Planet', The Wilderness Society, Hobart, TAS, Author, 2011, p. 6, https://www.wilderness.org.au/news

Online Journal Article

 1 K.R. Moore, 'Was Pythagoras Ever Really in Sparta?',  Rosetta, no. 6, Spring 2009, p. 5, http://www.rosetta.bham.ac.uk/, (accessed 10 September 2010).

 

Reference List
There is always a reference list at the end of the paper apart from the footnotes provided as citations. List is provided in an alphabetical format by keeping the surname of the author followed by the name of the author. Even in case of reference list, there are some consideration that needs to be made and they are as follows:

  • The full name of the author is not provided rather the initials are used. The initial and surname are separated with helps of a comma followed by a space.
  • In case of the journal articles, the page, volume number, issues numbers are to be mentioned.
  • The reference list must be justified and standard 1.5 spacing needs to be maintained.
  • Page numbers are not considered in books in case of reference list

The following table shows the reference list for Oxford referencing style:

Type

Reference List

Book  with a Single Author

Jonathan, H. Criminal Law, London: Macmillan, 2011.

Book with 2 or 3 Authors

Frenkel, M., Hommel, U., and Rudolf, M. Risk management: challenge and opportunity, Berlin, Springer Science & Business Media, 2008.

Book with more than 3 Authors

Kocis, J.M., Bachman IV, J.C., Long III, A.M. and Nickels, C.J. Inside Private Equity: The Professional Investor's Handbook, New York, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

Journal

Tony Woodall, 'New Marketing, Improved Marketing, Apocryphal Marketing' (2007) 41 European Journal of Marketing

Online Newspaper Article

The Forbes. “African Billionaire Fortunes Rise On Forbes 2018 List Of Continent's Richest”, 10 January 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/kerryadolan/2018/01/10/african-billionaire-fortunes-rise-on-forbes-2018-list-of-continents-richest/#1333b0dc2777. html, (accessed January 11, 2018).

Web Document

Wilderness Society Australia, 'Greenhouse Gases - Choking the Planet', The Wilderness Society, Hobart, TAS, Author, 2011, https://www.wilderness.org.au/news, (accessed 25 January 2012).

Online Journal Article

Moore, K.R., 'Was Pythagoras Ever Really in Sparta?', Rosetta, no. 6, Spring 2009, pp. 1-14, http://www.rosetta.bham.ac.uk/, (accessed 10 September 2010).

 

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